Death Row Essays - Capital Punishment, Penology, Mumia Abu-Jamal

Death Row Death Row Capital punishment is old fashioned and ought to be dispensed with from our equity framework. Capital punishment is amazingly racially one-sided and isn't appointed legitimately. While advocates guarantee it is less expensive to execute than to help a criminal for life in jail, it is in reality progressively costly to condemn a man to death. Adversaries to capital punishment state that passing is really vengeance as opposed to equity. The quantity of detainees waiting for capital punishment is expanding. The general population preferring capital punishment is arriving at record levels of 80% in certain surveys. Notwithstanding respite, four death row prisoners are standing by to be executed one week from now for a record number of executions across the nation in seven days. A considerable lot of the prisoners booked to kick the bucket have shown up toward the finish of their interests through a long and tangled legitimate way. The inquiry presently remaining is by what method should they be executed (Mauro). New York lawmakers are relied upon to endorse a capital punishment bill in the following barely any weeks. Supporters state the measure will get rid of the hot seat for deadly infusion, which some capital punishment advocates state is a progressively others conscious execution technique (Hughes). As of April, in the United States, there are 2,848 death row detainees, half of them minorities. Whites comprise half, Blacks 40%, Hispanic 7% and 3% different races. A dark man who kills a white man is multiple times bound to be executed than a white man who kills a dark man (McCollum p 12). The investigators who seek after capital cases are typically white, a reality that may be liable for the high level of blacks waiting for capital punishment, as indicated by a report out today. Capital punishment is all the more regularly looked for dark litigants, particularly in situations where the casualties are white. The Black respondents were 38% bound to be condemned to kick the bucket than other people who perpetrated comparative wrongdoings. This framework is amazingly racially one-sided (Jones p3A). In the United States, the biggest death row remains in Texas with 324 individuals: 144 whites, 120 African Americans, 52 Hispanics, 4 Native Americans, and 4 Asian Americans. The littlest states are Connecticut with 2 whites, New Mexico with 1 Native American and 1 white, and Wyoming 2 whites, (Mumia). Blacks comprised some 40% of men waiting for capital punishment in Pennsylvanian, yet blacks establish simply over 9% of Pennsylvanians populace and only less than 11% of Americas. The extents are not even (Mumia p 18). Capital punishment has never been demonstrated as a successful obstruction against wrongdoing, and is lopsidedly utilized against blacks and poor people. It costs more to execute individuals than save them in jail for life with no chance of parole (University Wire). An examination showed it cost the express a normal of $2.3 million more than seven years of requests to execute somebody. The expense of detaining a similar individual forever was $750,000 (Mauro). Is capital punishment equity or vengeance? Our criminal equity framework shouldnt be about retaliation, since it makes us as a general public no better than those we censure. However, we need to weigh what we achieve by slaughtering the individuals who execute. It doesnt bring anybody back. It doesnt achieve anything other than retribution. Obviously, in instances of plainly coerce or especially shocking wrongdoings, its simple to state they have the right beyond words. Be that as it may, the case includes the passing of somebody we love, its difficult to bid farewell (University Wire). Government Essays

Internet Privacy Essays - Internet Privacy, E-commerce, Computing

Web Privacy One of the most significant advances in the quickly creating universe of electronic business is the capacity of organizations to create customized associations with their clients. Personalization enables organizations to all the more likely comprehend their clients' needs and wants and improve client care by fitting contributions to the exceptional needs of people . Simultaneously, this has gotten a subject of hot debate in light of the fact that the innovation includes the broad assortment and utilization of individual information. Many, if not most, online customers and surfers don't know about the degree of how much and what sort of information can be accumulated about an individual, even somebody who is simply visiting and not shopping or pursuing anything. Using the treat innovation, an individual's development through the Web can be followed to give data. Utilizing treats a site doles out every individual an interesting identifier (yet not the real character), so the he might be perceived in resulting visits to the site. On each arrival visit, the site can call up client explicit data, which could incorporate the purchaser's inclinations or interests, as demonstrated by records the customer got to in earlier visits or things the shopper tapped on while in the site. Sites can likewise gather data about buyers through shrouded electronic navigational programming that catches data about webpage visits, including site pages visited and data downloaded, the kinds of program utilized, and the alluding sites' Int ernet addresses. The outcome is that a site about cultivating that Jane Doe that could sell her name to mail-request organizations, yet in addition the way that she invested a great deal of energy one Saturday night a month ago finding out about how to prepare roses. Additional upsetting situations similarly could be envisioned. Nonetheless, despite the fact that worry about protection and security has for quite some time been the greatest issue with online shoppers?particularly with the holiness of their distinguishing proof related information?a dominant part wouldn't fret their conduct being viewed on the off chance that it permits their shopping experience to be modified. As per the 1999 Personalized Marketing and Privacy on the Net: What Consumers Want study led by the non-benefit look into firm Privacy and American Business, 61 percent of the 474 Internet clients reviewed said that they would be sure toward getting pennant promotions custom fitted to their own advantages as opposed to accepting arbitrary advertisements. This speaks to around 56 million grown-up clients inspired by such personalization. What's more, 68 percent of the clients additionally said that they would give individual data so as to get custom fitted standard advertisements, relying on the prerequisite that see and quit are given . The examination appears to back the web based business firms who are viewing on the web conduct to give altered shopping encounters, and not protection advocates who state that this training is an intrusion of security. It is the reason for social event the data, doubtlessly, is the way to adhering to a meaningful boundary between satisfactory personalization and intrusion of protection. This is the reason it is imperative to numerous customers that a site have a protection strategy that clarifies what data is accumulated and how it is being utilized, before they give up their data. Be that as it may, as indicated by the 1999 Georgetown Internet Privacy Policy Survey, 94% of the main 100 sites post security approaches, and 66% of the general sites post protection strategies . These figures sound consoling yet the specific meaning of the protection approaches in themselves stays to be addressed. The 1998 Federal Trade Commission report on Internet protection, Privacy Online: A Report to Congress sketched out five standards by which a business site can be said to have a genuinely exhaustive security strategy. Known as the Fair Information Practice Principles, they are notice/mindfulness, decision/assent, get to/cooperation, uprightness/security, and authorization/change . At the end of the day, sites ought to tell purchasers that they're gathering individual data and that the customers can pick whether to give it. The report-the consequence of a three-year investigation of 1,400 sites focused at purchasers likewise reproached the internet business industry for not enough ensuring private data, expressing that by far most of online organizations presently can't seem to embrace even the most crucial reasonable data practice.... It additionally condemned the business' deliberate rules, expressing that with restricted special case, contain none of the authorization components required for a compelling self-administrative

Experts Connection Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Specialists Connection - Research Paper Example Executives of a specialized curriculum programs should know about the issues in a specialized curriculum in order to manage them viably. Custom curriculum programs are intended to provide food for the necessities of understudies with tactile or physical inabilities, enthusiastic troubles, conduct challenges, correspondence issues, clinical/wellbeing conditions and learning troubles (Simpson and Sonja, 2009). There are numerous issues in a specialized curriculum programs. They incorporate legitimate issues, financing issues and staff issues among others (Pardini, 2002). It is significant for chairmen of a custom curriculum projects to understand these issues in order to successfully deal with the projects and manage issues that may emerge. These overseers of a custom curriculum programs that serve understudies who get specialized curriculum administrations ought to know about all the potential issues that may confront the projects. Executives of a custom curriculum programs are confronted with various lawful issues. There are laws that are intended to ensure the privileges of students with handicaps. These enactments ought to be obvious to the overseers of a custom curriculum programs so they can have the option to follow the law while overseeing specialized curriculum projects and serving the instructive needs of understudies with unique needs. A case of such enactment is the Individuals with Disabilities Education (IDEA) Act which is intended to guarantee training for kids with inabilities in state funded schools in the most favorable condition (Cortiella, 2009). The law specifies that exceptional planned directions and administrations ought to be given to all understudies uncommon requirements and handicaps. Another model is the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, under which every instructive program in the US are administered. The laws overseeing specialized curriculum do as such at both state and government

Brasil & Europeans

In the pilgrim time of 1600, the Portuguese were the first among the Europeans to settle in Brazil. Around then, just local Indians and traveling clans were living in the zone. The Portuguese came not to control, overcome or build up the nation rather they needed beneficial exchange and agribusiness. Be that as it may, after three centuries the land was misused for the most part for wood, sugarcane, espresso beans and gold mining. Labor was given by both African and Indian slaves. Numerous Italians settled in Brazil after the blast in espresso production.Intermarriages between various ethnicities and societies made Brazil one of the most multi-refined nation on the planet. Most Brazilians have European, African, Amerindian, Asian and Middle Eastern precursors. Brazil picked up its autonomy from the Portuguese colonizers on September 7, 1822. In 1889, a military upset sponsored by the espresso industrialists drove the sovereign away from the nation. Espresso grower had incredible impa ct in Brazil and for all intents and purposes ran the legislature for the following 30 years. Brazil battled with military upsets and financial precariousness in those years.After three decades Fernando Coller de Mello was chosen in the main vote based decisions. He was expelled from office for his defilement. The capital of the nation is Brasilia and its present President is Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. The nation is bureaucratic presidential agent popularity based republic in which the President fills in as the head of state and head of government. The cash of Brazil is the â€Å"real† (BRL). Brazil follows the Roman lawful framework. It is a presidential majority rule government since 1985. The voters of the nation had chosen not to reestablish the constititutional monarchy.Brazil is marginally littler than the United States. It fringes the Atlantic Ocean and situated in the East of South America. It is the biggest nation in South America. It has limits meeting with all the South American nations aside from Chile and Ecuador. The low-lying Amazon Rainforest is toward the North of Brazil and the south is home to ranchers and the rural base. The most elevated pinnacle of Brazil is Pico da Neblina. The biggest waterway on the planet, the Amazon additionally moves through Brazil. The atmosphere shifts in various areas from tropical to temperate.The domain of Brazil is said to cover 8,514,876. 599 km2. This wide domain is part into twenty-six states and one government area. All states are totally free as far as their law-production, open security, government and tax collection. Brazil has exceptionally organized horticultural, mining, assembling, and administration parts and its economy beats the economies of the other South American nations. In 1998, Brazil got a $41. 5 billion IMF-drove worldwide help program because of its enormous record deficits.In 1999, the Brazilian Central Bank announced that the cash genuine would never again be pegged to the US do llar. This degrading hindered the downturn and the nation saw slight monetary development. The development of the economy was under 2% in 2001 because of the high loan fees. Toward the finish of 2001 the nation increased a lot of speculator certainty. The economy in Brazil is supposed to be the â€Å"ninth biggest economy on the planet and tenth biggest at showcase trade rates†. (Wikipedia). The greatest boundaries to financial improvement are across the board organization, defilement, destitution and lack of education inside the Brazilian Government.. The administration intercedes and assumes the most significant job in the entirety of the country’s financial exercises. Brazil is as yet a recently industrializing nation (NIC) and most advancement has occurred in southeastern states, for example, Parana, Sao Paulo and Rio De Janeiro. The enterprises are creating autos and parts, hardware, gear, steel, materials, shoes, concrete, blunder, iron metal, tin, petrochemicals , PCs, airplane, and buyer durables. Brazil has been driving in the elective vitality segment. Power is being produced through hydropower.It is trading oil in spite of its little measure of oil holds. Inside the administration segment, the visitor business is one of the greatest in Brazil. The Brazilian equity framework is horrendously moderate and uncalled for. Laws are adjusted for the rich. The lawful framework has numerous defecicies. Numerous violations commited by Brazialians are pursued for just a restricted time range. When the specialists start thinking responsibly, it is past the point of no return. Sentences are regularly decreased by half for the violations commited at 70 years old. Brazil is additionally a significant accomplice for the European Union.It is a contract individual from the UN and contributes troops for peacekeeping endeavors in Angola, East Timor, Middle East, Mozambique, Belgian Congo and Haiti. It is the main individual from the G-20 gathering of countr ies. The 170 million populace of Brazil comprise of a larger part of 53. 7% whites and 38. 5% multiracial individuals. Blacks, Asians, Amerindians are in insignifiant propotions. Portuguese is the most broadly communicated in and comprehended language in Brazil. Brazil follows for the most part Portuguese culture and customs brought by the colonizers.The African Slaves motivated the majority of Brazil's music, move, food, religion and language. Brazil has the biggest populace of Roman Catholics on the planet. Practically 50% of the yield of fiction, verse, and show of South America originates from Brazilians. Carnaval is a well known yearly festival and vacation destination which is held for forty days to check the beginning of Lent. The music in Brazil is lavishly enhanced with an assortment of music styles including samba, bossa nova, forro, frevo and numerous others. Film culture began in Brazil in the late nineteenth century.Many Brazilian movies, for example, Cidade de Deus and Carandiru have gotten worldwide basic approval. Sports uniquely football are mainstream in Brazil. The Brazilain national footbal group has a colossal neighborhood and interntional following. The group has won the FIFA world cup multiple times. Brazil’s most prominent players are Pele, Ronaldo and Ronaldinho. Other well known games are capoeira and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Food is an impression of the racial blend of Brazil. The most famous dishes of Brazil are Feijoada, Caipirinha and Pao de Queijo and rice and beans are fundamental to each menu.Most Brazilians are in their mid-twenties while 34% are younger than fourteen. Brazil has quickly urbanized and practically 75% of the populace live in the urban regions. They are insufficient occupations in Brazil to help such an enormous populace which is the reason there is far reaching joblessness. Unemployement was said to have arrived at 9. 8% in 2005 and 8 out of 10 are living in the exceptionally populated urban focuses. The big gest populace of very nearly 11. 016. 703 individuals are found in the city of Sao Paulo. An immense lion's share of individuals are frequently compelled to turn to road distributing, medicate hawking and prostitution.The populace in the provincial territories get less water and sanitation benefits when contrasted with urban regions. Numerous infectious sicknesses like cholera, bowel issues have developed because of absence of essential sanitation administrations. WORKS CITED: †¢ Brazil. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 23 Apr 2007, 11:43 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 24 Apr 2007 <http://en. wikipedia. organization/w/file. php? title=Brazil&oldid=125144285>. †¢ Brazil. CIA_The World Factbook. 2002. http://www. umsl. edu/administrations/govdocs/wofact2002/geos/br. html Brazil

reThink ELA #007 Interview with Jennifer Dean

Every single person on this earth has a voice. They have a unique story to be told. But how many of us actually use our voices and make our stories, thoughts, and opinions known to others? So many adults grow up thinking their voices don’t matter or that their opinions are unimportant. Some even believe that they need politicians or government or pseudo experts to tell them what’s best for their family. My own passion is teaching our children that their voices matter; that they are important and what they have to say is equally important to what adults have to say. My guest today has a similar passion and we’ll explore how she uses very small work groups within her classroom to encourage her students to explore and develop their own voices. My guest today is Jennifer Dean,  an English teacher at Leander Middle School, north of Austin, Texas. She earned her Bachelor’s degree in Journalism and went on to earn a Master’s degree in Education. Before becoming a teacher, she served as a national research assistant and as a museum administrator. As an educator, Jennifer works to develop student voice while building community and familial bonds through oral history storytelling.  She is the founder of All Girls Considered, a podcast dedicated to helping inspiring young girls and women tell their stories. We also discussed how a background in journalism lead her to a career in the classroom; how her All Girls Considered podcast got started; advice for teachers who use primarily worksheets to teach lessons; and her secrets to balancing the enormous task of reviewing and grading student projects while also having a private life. Resources mentioned in today’s episode: Twitter: https://twitter.com/JenSDean About Jennifer: https://www.jensdean.com/ All Girls Podcast on Twitter: https://twitter.com/AllGirlsPodcast All Girls Considered: https://soundcloud.com/allgirlsconsidered Michelle WatersI am a secondary English Language Arts teacher, a University of Oklahoma student working on my Master’s of Education in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum with an concentration in English Education, and a NBPTS candidate. I am constantly seeking ways to amplify my students’ voices and choices.

How to Be a Good Leader - Free Essay Example

There are three main things that make a good leader. The first is that a leader must practice what he preaches. The second is that he has to look after and protect those around him. The third is that he must be able to develop other good leaders. I will go into more detail about the qualities of a good leader and what my particular leadership style is. A good leader is excellent at practicing what he preaches. I love the quote that states, Your actions speak so loud that I cant hear what you are saying. The greatest leader of all time was Jesus Christ and he was the best at practicing what he preached. This goes back to the old proverb that says, Live by the sword, die by the sword. This is the same with leadership and how much a leader abides by what he says, As a good leader, how can you expect people do what you say, when you dont even do what you say? So, normally I am a man of my word and makes myself trusted by others. A good leader should be able to looks after those he wants to lead. He does this by always doing what he can to protect them from harm, criticism, or blame from other people. People want security, thats why they buy SUVs, put money in their 401k, and stay at the same dead end job for years. Its integrated into their nervous system that they want to feel secure. When I have a team of people that I am leading, it can be very powerful when they know that I am on their side, and that I will do whatever I can to make sure that I will protect them from harm of other outside forces. A big part of being a good leader is knowing how to take the blame when things go wrong, and how to give away credit when things go well. And I know that when things go bad or wrong, its my responsibility to take the blame, even if it was not only my fault. And when things go well, I will make sure that I give the credit to the deserving person who did the great work with me. Hence, making that person look very good. A good leader develops other good leaders. This can only be attained once a person has first become a good leader. How can you expect to develop other good leaders, if you are not one first? So I want to be a good mentor that can teach and coach them through their trials and tribulations as a young and developing leader, even though sometimes just being there to help them get back up after they have fallen is all I have to do. And I figure that one of the best ways that I can invest time, is by investing it in the relationships of others around myself. Generally speaking, I will practice what I preach, look after the others around myself, and invest time to develop other good leaders, I believe that I will be well on my way to making myself a good leader.

The Is A Realist Strategy Will Not Be Beneficial When...

Cohen argues against realism in his article, saying that a realist strategy will not be beneficial when dealing with a refugee crisis. Realists tend to not look at a situation in terms of emotion and instead always think of themselves and their own governments’ endgame. This dismisses human suffering altogether unless it is affecting the realist himself. For liberal strategies, there are options such as: cooperation, furthering democracy, and collective action. Cooperation would entail all of the countries involved in a refugee crisis acting together. This would include the transit country, the emigration country, and the immigration country. All of these countries working together and cooperating would ultimately make the process of refugees seeking asylum an easier one. This could even eliminate human suffering in terms of human trafficking due to the fact that a refugee would normally attempt to emigrate illegally. The next strategy, furthering democracy, in theory, should help to make the refugee’s home country more livable and substantially raise the living condition. However, in the case of Myanmar and the Rohingyas, this is not true because that democracy decided to suppress certain minorities. The final strategy would be collective action. Other countries not just including the transit country, the immigration country, and the emigration country, but rather an organization of action countries, such as the United Nations, could pressure the countries at fault intoShow MoreRelatedForeign Policy of Pakistan from 1947 to 201210146 Words   |  41 Pagesof Pakistan.’ President Ayub Khan commented that the principal objectives of Pakistan’s foreign policy were ‘security and development’, because the consideration of security embraced the defence of Pakistan and the preservation of its ideology, as realists believe that the power (military and economic) is important to state and is the only guarantee of the security an d survival of state. Further, he wrote in his book, Friends Not Masters, ‘the cause of our major problems is India’s inability to reconcileRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageswe choose to call centuries are almost invariably years of little significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization A critique of critical theory Critical theory and psychoanalysis develops challenging perspectives on organization culture A psychoanalytic view of organization culture The ‘unhealthy’ organization culture: when there is conflict The unhealthy organization culture: when there is insufficient conflict Understanding the purpose of the organization and embedding it in the culture Critical theory and psychoanalysis present challenging perspectives for organizational design Social democracy

Problems In A Good Man is Hard To Find - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 687 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/31 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: A Good Man is Hard to Find Essay Did you like this example? A Good Man is hard to find is a short narrative which was written by Flannery OConnor (1953). The story focuses on a family who faces difficulty in agreeing with one another on where to go for a vacation. The grandmother wants the family to take a trip to Tennessee, but the other family mothers ignore her request and protest to take a trip to Florida. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Problems In A Good Man is Hard To Find" essay for you Create order The real journey can be said to take place in their family lives. An important question came up in the story What is the definition of a good man and how they are few of them left in the entire world? Most of the character in this story linked themselves to goop people based on their codes of moral they stand for and by. The characters are blinded by their deeply flowed moral codes because of their own self- virtue. Grandmother is the main character in the story because she gives the audience the exact definition to be a lady. Grandmother recognizes herself to have the best values because she is a Christian woman. During the entire trip she completely overdresses in a navy straw hat and collars and cuffs, so that if there were an accident, people would know she was a lady (368). The author affirms how she looks down to other people such that she criticizes the mother for not talking children on a trip to different places during vacation and also tells John Wesley to respect his parent and native state. Her definition of a good man is overflowed because she would marry Edgar Teagarden because he was rich. She asks Misfit to pray for himself when he is killing her family members. Ironically, she does not beg Misfit to spare her family members or even pray for them, yet she sees herself to be a good manse is more concerned about saving herself you wouldnt kill a lady would you (373) instead of her family. Misfit in the course of the narrative remains to be a mystery character. He is a murder and an escaped convict who is believed to be heading to Florida just like the grandmotherrs family. He comes across the family after their car crash, He (Misfit) want to help them fix their car and send them on their journey. The Grandmother upon seeing him, she remembers seeing him on a newspaper and shouts he is the Misfit, his plans had to change and had to kill every member of the family. He carries a conversation with the grandmother and affirms that he does not seem to seen actions regarding Right and wrong because Im not a good man, but Im not the worst either (374). The attitude of Misfit towards morality makes him depict of the title that a Good Man is hard to find. Despite acknowledging to praying to Jesus, he went ahead and shot the grandmother. Misfit might have changed after this encounter and started seeing actions as right and wrong. Bailey is the son of the grandmother and father to John Wesley and John Wesley. He is a frustrated individual with a constant disturbance from the family, and he is not interested in what they want. He shows no original thought and follows them to Florida. He reluctant to take the trip but does not voice his reasons, because he seems an irritable and weary figure worn out by the constant family conflict I wouldnt take my children in any direction with a criminal like that a loose in it. I couldnt answer to my conscience if I did (346). During the encounter with Misfit, Bailey is unable to rescue her family leaving them to die. In conclusion, I learned that people believe to be the center of the universe and do not always to those around them. The characters had a flawed definition of a good man, and the family should be able to make a candid decision as a group. Every individual in the family was selfish and ignored the input of others. The killing experience portrays the real title of the short narrative that a good man is hard to find.

General Business Major Unit As An Academic Course

Business Major This memo contains relevant information about the general business major unit as an academic course. The memo gives a clear explanation of the historical development of the discipline as widely employed in academic. The memo also gives an in-depth analysis of the discipline and highlights it several importance alongside its relationship with other related fields of study. This memo is a suitable source of information to persons seeking greater understanding of the business major discipline and its relevance in other related fields. The memo uses credible academic sources to vividly examine the discipline and give a clear illustration of how its study is based on its meritocracy and not other over lying factors. History Before 1927, business studies were taught in early institution but there was no official record of it evolution. Nevertheless, Professor Gras started a business history program that aimed at tracing the chronologic development of history from small-scale learning to the current institutions. He was an editor of the Bulletin of the Business Historical Society since the year 1926-1953, which was later transformed in the year 1953 to the modern Business History review (86). During this period, business was learnt through the application of theories that were simple and specific to a certain situation or discipline. The major factor that contributed to the narrow nature of the early business was the motive of study. Individuals studied the fieldShow MoreRelatedThe General Business Major Unit As An Academic Course1628 Words   |  7 Pages Business Major This memo contains relevant information about the general business major unit as an academic course. The memo gives a clear explanation of the historical development of the discipline as widely employed in academic. The memo also gives an in-depth analysis of the discipline and highlights it several importance alongside its relationship with other related fields of study. This memo is a suitable source of information to persons seeking greater understanding of the business majorRead MoreBusiness Administration Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesTowards A Business Administration Major Every person has the power to achieve short term and long term goals. Without some type of roadmap, people may get lost or never reach their destination. Gathering Information and building a plan is key before starting a college major. College is to be admired and fun, but also challenging so that students may be better prepared for their future, both career and in life. First year students need every beneficial information possible before starting a major becauseRead MoreScholastic Excellence And The Professions1521 Words   |  7 PagesScholastic Excellence and Business and the Professions City prides itself on its inventive way to deal with instruction. Our dedication to, and energy for, scholastic brilliance positions us eighth out of London colleges (The Sunday Times University Guide 2011). Our courses are improved by the exploration of our scholastic staff. Fifteen regions of scholastic action were evaluated as being of a quality tantamount with the absolute best on the planet in the national 2008 Research Assessment ExerciseRead MoreArkansas State University : A Long Way Over The Years1254 Words   |  6 Pagesthat goes back many years, at one time it was not even a college. It has come a long way over the years and here is a brief history of the school. Arkansas state university was founded in April, 1909, by Act 100 of the 37th Arkansas General Assembly as 1 of 4 AR high schools to teach agriculture, horticulture, and the art of textile manufacturing. Victor C. Kays was hired as the 1st principle, he soon began hiring staff. The staff was made of a secretary, a superintendent of farmsRead MoreMajor And Career Exploration Of Business Administration Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesMajor and Career Exploration Business Administration â€Å"The Associate in Science in Business Administration for Transfer is designed to provide students with the common core of lower division courses required to transfer and pursue a baccalaureate degree in Business Administration. This includes business degrees with options such as accounting, finance, human resource management, international business, management, operations management, and marketing.† In order to complete a class successfully theRead MoreEducation in The United States and Great Britain: A Comparison1761 Words   |  7 PagesStates counterparts, American boarding schools provide a more finely tuned education. Indeed, both systems produce well-educated students. England Educational System The education system of England has been the model for common wealth countries in general, but not without faults and inherent problems. The schools are usually classified according to how they receive their funding. The first level of education is known as primary education. At the age of five, or four in some parts of the country childrenRead MoreMy First Certificate Course Of Computer Science806 Words   |  4 Pagescertificate course in computers in 1995, it was on GWBASIC language. Since then, computers became a curiosity for me. Due to financial problems at home back then, I could not take admission in an undergraduate course of computer engineering. Therefore, I joined Ba chelor of Science degree (B.Sc.) course with major in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. In the second year of graduation, I decided to take admission in Master degree course in Computer Science (MCA). MCA is a three-year rigorous course thatRead MoreAssignment Questions On The Cybersecurity Degree Program1132 Words   |  5 PagesBureau of Labor Statistics projects 37% increase in Cybersecurity related job fields by 2022. 2012 median salary $86,170 per year. 2. Is the program a rearrangement of existing courses or will new courses be required? New courses will be required. 3. Does the program require an agreement with another institution, business, or industry? No. 4. What other institutions provide this program? None exactly like, 8 similar, none degree completion programs. 4a. If other institutions offer this program,Read MoreUniversity Of Hawaii - Manoa997 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity of Hawaii – Manoa The University of Hawaii – Manoa was founded in 1907 and is the primary campus of the University of Hawaii System. This university is a popular academic destination of choice for students and faculty who want to live in an exotic location and take advantage of exclusive research opportunities. The University of Hawaii – Manoa is consistently ranked as one of the best educational values for students because of the quality programs and multicultural experience. The 320-acreRead MoreA Foreign Language Course : Beneficial For College Students1522 Words   |  7 PagesA Foreign Language Course: Beneficial for College Students â€Å"Every college-bound student had studied a foreign language in high school (98%)† (Price and Gascoigne 2005), since students are required to satisfy the A-G requirements so colleges can verify that the student’s subjects are academically challenging. Colleges recommend three years of the same foreign language, but a minimum of two years is sufficient. I argue that there must be a compelling reason for high schools to require students to take

Critically Examining And Understanding Difference

Your paper should cover the following: Critically examining and understanding difference Demographics and key features of the particular group in Australian society (What information do I need to know about this group?) Historical and current day perspectives, policies and practices affecting this group (What has changed over the years in relation to this group? What are key contemporary issues?) Central beliefs, views and perspectives (if relevant) (What are the key characteristics, i.e., what differentiates this group from others?) Potential issues of contention or challenges for this group in relation to Australian systems (What are the major issues faced in terms of for example, health, welfare, education, housing, law, income support?), and perceptions of responsibility and obligation (such as the role of the government and human services practice) in relation to this group. Working across difference Key theoretical frameworks/approaches and research for working/intervening or engaging with this group – cover specific and relevant theoretical frameworks/ approaches to this group. You need to cover what knowledge and skills you would employ (this could cover engagement, relationship building, particular interventions etc, for example, you could employ a strenghts-based approach). Implications for policy, resourcing and practice (What needs improving or challenging in the current context?) Personal and professional challenges for you as a human services or social workerShow MoreRelatedI Am Lifelong Learners Who Can Think Critically And Who Have Strong Ethics And Morals970 Words   |  4 Pageswe equip students to enter into a society where they will be bombarded with information, not all of which is true? I believe that the answer is to inspire students to be lifelong learners who can think critically and who have strong ethics and morals. 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Case Study on Immigration Law Visa Validity and Eligibility

Question: Describe the Case Study on Immigration Law for Visa Validity and Eligibility. Answer: 1A - The difference between visa validity and visa eligibility: Visa validity refers to the length of time till which the foreign national is allowed to reside in the country of visit. In case the person fails to leave the country, then the person is considered to have overstayed the visa and it is illegal to do in most countries. The person is now an offender in the eyes of the law and is liable to punitive legal action. Visas are generally issued for a period which is mentioned on the visa document either in form of time period (number of days / months / years) from date of issue or as a specific end date. Visa eligibility refers to the validity of reason and criteria of a foreigner required to be met by the law of the visiting country to avail the service. This is directly linked to the purpose of visit of the foreigner to the visiting country. The government of the visiting country will always require knowing the reason for the visit, as the conduct of the foreigner on their land will always affect the foreign relations of the counties in question[1]. Also the eligibility conditions may require the visitor to have a certain cleanliness of track record in the country of nationality. Persons with criminal or fraudulent background may not be granted a visa on the assumed pretext that they may do the same in the visiting country, causing harm. Just like nobody wants to let a thief into the house knowingly, the eligibility of visa checks the background of the person on similar spirits. 1B - The process of obtaining a permanent partner visa: Partner visa is issued to people who wish to come to Australia for the purpose of marriage. It is applicable for persons who are already married to an Australian citizen or a Permanent resident, or a New Zealand Citizen. Even people who are planning to get married to the aforementioned class of people are eligible to apply for this visa. The Australian partner needs to fund the visitor for a period of two years and the visiting partner needs to be an adult. For persons already married to, or are in a relationship with the aforementioned class of people, the government first allows a temporary visa for two ears, which is then converted in to permanent one[2]. The partner visas can be of the following types: Marriage visa this is applicable for partners who are already married and want to bring their non-Australian partner in the country. They must provide proof of marriage and be living together. Prospective marriage visa this is applicable for nine months to allow a person to enter into Australia and marry a person of choice within the time frame. Post marriage the person can apply for a Partner visa. De-Facto visa this is applicable for persons who are in a relationship with the aforementioned class of persons and are sponsored by the Australian partner. Post marriage they can apply for a partner visa. The process of application of Partner visa is as enumerated below: Evidence of continuing relationship must be produced to the authorities along with commitment for life. The two partners must be living together and meet the health criteria required. Financial soundness of the partners needs to be established, along with commitment that partners wish to setup a household together and share the responsibilities. Also it is required to be declared as to how the immediate societies of the partners (friends and family) perceive the marriage along with personal commitment to each other, including knowledge of personal history and future aspirations. De Facto Visa process varies a little as the partner has to first apply for temporary visa with a commitment of continuing the relationship for minimum of 12 months, and then after fulfilment of the period apply for Partner visa. 1C - The criteria for lodging a valid application for an onshore Partner visa: Onshore Partner Visa can be applied only by persons who have already arrived and are residing in Australia on a different visa and now living with a partner in De Facto or Married state with any of the three classes of people allowed by law. The criteria is that the partner needs to be already married and have a temporary visa for two years and on permanent basis if waiting period is over[3]. Onshore partners need to apply for Partner visa subclass 805 and 801 and offshore partners for subclass 309 and 100. The partners have to marry legally as per Australian law (even if the marriage happened outside Australia) and apply for the visa. 2A - Has George breached any obligations under the Code of Conduct for registered migration agents? Explain: George has made a promise to Amal of converting her from a Temporary Skilled Worker visa to a Refugee visa based on her country of origin. There some clear observations here. Amal has been in Australia for last 4 years and she had left Syria much before the crisis and can no way qualified as a refugee. Moreover the charges he had demanded and the nature in which he treated the funds were in clear contravention of the Code of Conduct of the Immigration Agents[4]. He has violated the Code on grounds of interaction with the clients He has violated the Code on grounds of fees, charges and the nature of financial transactions It is yet to see if he violates the stipulate of the responses to be made to the complaint filed against him. George has failed under sections 2.1A c d referring to conflict of interests, 2.1B suppression of facts, 2.2 b akin to receiving an unfavourable payment against an advice, under 2.7 a, b c of providing wrong opinion, 2.10 a, b c of providing false promises. he has grossly violated the code under the fees and charges section, regarding fairness of fees 5.1, 5.2. (c) by not giving a written agreement, 5.4 by depositing the fees in his personal account and also 5.5 (a) of accepting a fee before agreement. Gorge has violated 6.1 of keeping written records of client communications as his intentions were fraudulent[5]. He has faltered under section 7.1 (a) for not transacting through the operating account and 7.1 (b) of accepting cash and not through client account. He has violated section 7.4 as well. George has violated entire Part 11 by fooling his client instead of creating client awareness[6]. 2B - What powers does the OMARA have to discipline George if he has breached the Code of Conduct? The OMARA was setup to regulate the process of immigration to Australia. The OMARA is a regulatory body that oversees proper implementation of the Migration Act 1958 and the Migration Regulations 1994. The organisation is a part of Department of Immigration and Border Protection of the Australian Government. It acts as a regulatory body for the Migration Agents in Australia and keeping a vigil on them, while they operate within the ambits of the two legislations mentioned above. Despite their freedom to do business, the Code of Conduct for the Immigration Agents sets a detailed guideline for the agents to follow. This code mainly regulates the business ethics part of the agents activities. The purpose of the Code is to debar unscrupulous agents from making false promises and duping the immigrants. This prevents financial loss to the immigrants, and prohibits creation of a pool of illegal immigrants inside Australia[7]. The OMARA can carry out a conduct of review for George and issue summons to him to explain his actions of violating the Code of Conduct with reasons thereof. It may impose a fine on George for consciously not complying with stipulates of the code. Moreover, if the agent has been found conducting serious breach, the license of the agent may be cancelled in conjunction with the Department of Immigration and Border Protection. 3A - The steps he needs to take in order to make a valid application for a Class EN Subclass 186 visa: To Safi Khan 1/1 Boulevard Avenue Perth Steps for making a valid visa application for Class EN subclass 186 visa Dear Safi, Please note that as per your application, you have mentioned that your present visa Class TU Subclass 500 is due to expire by end of this year. You have expressed the desire to apply for Class EN Subclass 186 visa. You are currently on a student visa, but is allowed to seek employment under the same. Your employer Rearden Industries have agreed to sponsor you. To apply for the 186 visa, you are required to make an application in the required format on the relevant website of the Department of Immigration and Border Protection(Border, 2016). Since you have been nominated by an employer, you are eligible to apply for the visa within the next six months of the nominations letter. You also have a valid visa for your current residence in Australia as you may apply for this visa while staying in the country as well. Your passport hopefully is valid and if you are expecting a new passport ensure you report the same to the department. You should be good at functional English as per the regulatory requirements of the country, else may be required to pay additional visa charges during the second instalment. Though you were a student here and your lectures were delivered in English, the duration of your masters degree course was much less than the stipulated period of 5 years and hence the requirement exists for you. You are under 50, so there is no problem in application. Do get a health check-up done and keep the reports to yourself proving yourself in sound state of health and mind. The results are valid for a period of 12 months. You are advised to get in touch with your local police station and get a police search record against your name. The search includes police records from both Australia and Nepal. You need to mention details of your family members in the application. Do consult the document checklist for further clarifications and prepare the documentation. Then you need to apply online for the visa through the link on the website. All documents need to be uploaded in the soft form and the relevant visa charges paid through credit card. The upload needs to be done using your Immi Account that you need to open. You will receive an acknowledgement of receipt of the application by the department. The visa processing takes between 5 to 8 months of time. Kindly ensure that your present visa is valid for the interim period. If not, you need to apply for a bridging visa (BVB) to legitimately live in Australia. Otherwise, you may be required to leave Australian soil and come back only after your visa is granted. Our advice is to also apply for the BVB if the present visa is valid for less than 5 months. Hope these guidelines will help you process your visa application in a more efficient manner. Yours sincerely, Myself 3B - The criteria for lodging a valid application for a Class EN Subclass 186 visa: The Class EN Subclass 186 visa is a permanent residency visa for working professionals. Hence the requirements for this visa are stringent and needs to meet a lot of regulatory requirements. Firstly, being a PR visa, it needs to ensure that the applicant has employment in the country to be able to sustain self (and partner if applicable). Hence a letter from the employer guaranteeing sponsorship to the applicant is necessary[8]. The applicant needs to conduct in English; hence they need to qualify for a Basic English certification as per the requirements of the Australian government. However, for citizens of UK, Ireland, Canada, US, New Zealand this requirement is waived off. The applicant must be of sound health and hence needs to get a medical check-up done, the results of which are valid for 12 months. The applicant needs to get a police record search done in all countries where the applicant has stayed in the immediate preceding 12 months. The record is to prove the cleanliness of character of the applicant. The applicant needs to be below 50 years of age while applying. In case the person is above 50, the applicant needs to be a nominated professor or technical research scholar. During the pendency of the application process, the applicant needs to hold a valid visa for residing in Australia, if the application is being made while staying in Australia. If not a BVB Visa needs to be sought for the interim. Bibliography: Austlii, 1958. Migration Act 1958 - Sect 48. [Online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ma1958118/s48.html [Accessed 09 October 2016]. australiaforum, 2013. What makes a lodged partner visa application valid? [Online] Available at: https://www.australiaforum.com/visas-immigration/18222-what-makes-lodged-partner-visa-application-valid.html [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Border, 2016. Employer Nomination Scheme (subclass 186). [Online] Available at: https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Visa-1/186- [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Border, 2016. Independent review of the Office of the Migration Agents Registration Authority. [Online] Available at: https://www.border.gov.au/about/reports-publications/reviews-inquiries/office-of-the-migration-agents-registration-authority [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Border, 2016. Protection visa (subclass 866). [Online] Available at: https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Visa-1/866- [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Border, 2016. Temporary Work (Skilled) visa (subclass 457). [Online] Available at: https://www.border.gov.au/Trav/Visa-1/457- [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Mara, 2016. Code of conduct practice guides. [Online] Available at: https://www.mara.gov.au/becoming-an-agent/professional-standards-and-obligations/code-of-conduct/ [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Mara, 2016. Make a complaint about an agent. [Online] Available at: https://www.mara.gov.au/using-an-agent/resolving-disputes-with-your-agent/make-a-complaint-about-an-agent/ [Accessed 09 October 2016]. Myaccessaustralia, 2013. 10 Useful Things to Know About Your Australian 186 Visa. [Online] Available at: https://myaccessaustralia.com/10-useful-things-to-know-about-australia-186-visa/ [Accessed 09 October 2016].

Cultural Impacts on Effective Communication

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Impacts on Effective Communication. Answer: Introduction According to Pauley (2010), communication refers to the exchange of information between two or more (sender and receiver) parties. Effective communication entails sufficient feedback to enable the sender to make appropriate action. Effective communication is an integral part of an organization because it ensures the smooth operation of activities, and this facilitates the achievement of the goals and objectives of the organization. With the current globalization and the proliferation of multi-national organizations, individuals from different cultural backgrounds continue to interact in the workplace. Differences such as race, gender, religion, and sexual orientation have emerged as major barriers to effective communication in the workplace. This is because of the differences in the cultural beliefs and attitudes of individuals from different backgrounds, and this has hampered organizational performance. The cultural differences have also been a major stumbling block in social intera ction because it limits effective communication among parties. In line with these aspects, this paper is going to examine the impact that differing cultural backgrounds may have on effective communication between two groups. How cultural difference impact effective communication This refers to a particular method that a given community use for communication (Pathan, 2013). In a world of over 7billion population, there are numerous different languages based on the cultural backgrounds of the respective society. Individuals from different cultural backgrounds have established their own languages for communication. These languages have different dialects which are known and understood in the respective cultures. Language facilitates effective communication between two individuals or groups that belong to the same linguistic alienation. Conversely, the difference in linguistic alienation has emerged as a major cultural factor that negatively impacts the process of effective communication between two parties from different cultural backgrounds (Weiss, 2011). This is because individuals from different cultural background may speak a given language on two different levels of fluency. This difference influences an individuals perception of the message sent, and this negatively affects the process of effective communication. New Zealand is a multi-cultural country, and it has ethnic groups with different languages, for example, Maori, Pacific people, and Asians. The dominant languages are English, Maori, and New Zealand Sign language. These differences hinder effective communication among individuals from different languages because they have different knowledge of English language. The signs and symbols that are important elements of a communication process. Also referred to as macro-expressions, signs and symbols and other forms of non-verbal communication such as body language and facial expression are used to stress verbal communication especially in a face-to-face communication between two parties (Okon, 2011). Some forms of non-verbal communication such as gestures are very effective in passing on the intended message in a noisy place. Universal signs and symbols are also very important in circumstances where there is a language barrier, and hence, they are responsible for enhancing the communication process. Despite the above advantages, the difference in culture has contributed to a breakdown in the communication process among parties using the non-verbal method. This is because the signs and symbols have different meanings in different cultural backgrounds (Wilton, 2011). For example, in New Zealand, the use of the thumbs up gesture is used to approve something or wish someone luck in a particular endeavor. Conversely, the same gesture is considered a serious insult to an individual in some Asian countries such a Bangladesh. In this regard, there will be a serious breakdown in communication between a citizen of New Zealand and a Bangladeshi when the individual from New Zealand gestures thumps up to the Bangladeshi. Stereotypes and Prejudices According to Turner and Reinsch (2007), stereotyping refers to the practice of developing a generalized image of individuals that belong to a particular cultural background. It entails the categorization of individuals of a particular cultural background to having similar characteristics. Stereotyping contributes to widespread prejudice in the society, for example, the formation of a negative picture regarding an individual makes one to have negative attitudes towards the individuals in question (Onea, 2012). Recent research shows that social perception determines how people understand one another, and this has a major impact in an effective communication process. Individuals who are viewed as stereotypes are not taken seriously, and this can turn out to be a major cause of serious communication breakdown. Racial stereotyping is widespread in New Zealand, and it is a major negative impact the process of the effective communication process. The Maori population of New Zealand are view ed by the European white population in New Zealand as backward individuals. In addition to this, the Maori language is believed to have a funny dialect that is not effectively compatible with the English language. This has led to the stereotyping of the Maori population particularly in a communication process that involves the use of English language. This has contributed to incidents of communication breakdown in New Zealand. Cultural behavior, beliefs, and attitudes Another important element that influences the communication process are the cultural behavior, beliefs, and attitudes of the members of a given cultural group. According to Hofstede, there are five vital cultural dimensions, for example, power distance, masculinity, and individualism (Yoo, Donthu, Lenartowicz, 2011). The cultural dimensions determine the communication etiquettes of members of a given society. In New Zealand, power distance is considerable high. This means that there is a wide gap between the individuals who hold power and those who do not have power. In New Zealand, the level of masculinity as defined by Hofstede is considerable high in the country. This means that characteristics that are associated with male characters are embraced more than those that are associated with female gender. Based on these cultural belief and attitudes, the male gender is somehow placed high in the society, and this influences the communication process. In the New Zealand, it is expect ed that the female should be the first one to extend her hand to greet the male. This cultural behavior among the New Zealand population may be a major cause of communication breakdown between an individual from a different country and a New Zealand national. For example, the foreign gentleman may go ahead to extend his hand to greet a female New Zealand. This will make a female New Zealand to feel awkward, an experience that will have a negative impact on the effectiveness of the communication process. In New Zealand, it is a cultural belief that maintaining a constant eye contact while communicating is important for successful communication process; however, in some African countries, keeping an eye contact while communicating with the elders is considered a sign of disrespect (O'Rourke, 2010). Therefore, in New Zealand, it is expected that communicating parties should maintain a close eye contact regardless of the age differences between the communicating parties. Maintaining a close eye contact in New Zealand is considered a symbol of honesty, which is also a major cultural requirement in the country. This cultural difference will be a major cause of breakdown in the effective communication breakdown when a young African is speaking to an elderly from New Zealand because, during the communication process the young African will not keep an eye contact as expected by the elderly New Zealand (Srivastava Nandan, 2010). In this regard, the elderly individual will perceive the Africa n as dishonest, and hence, a serious communication breakdown due to lack of trust. Religion and ethnocentrism Religion in this context refers to the religious affiliation of an individual, for example, being a Christina, Muslim or a Buddhist. Religion is a major cultural element that impacts the communication process (Reynolds Valentine, 2011). Individuals from the same religious group can easily understand one another because of their commonly shared religious beliefs. However, in an instance where the communicating parties are from different religious groups, there will be major communication breakdown because of the differences. New Zealand is a Christian dominated country, followed closely by Muslims. The religious schism in the country has had negative impacts on the communication process because of the widely held idea of Orientalism and Occidentalism (Said, 2001). The European white population views the Muslims in the country as terrorists due to the social perception that all Muslims are terrorist. The Europeans believe that Islam as a religious group is uncivilized and incompatible with democracy, and as a population that promotes hostility and violence (Reilly, 2010). The difference in religious beliefs in New Zealand has had negative impacts in the communication process in the country as the Christians, and the Muslims do not trust one another. Conclusion In summary, the effective communication process is vital for smooth organizational operation. Feedback is an essential element of communication. However, in various occasions, the process of effective communication is negatively impacted by the differences in the cultural background of the communicating parties. Some of the major cultural differences that negatively impact the process of communication are religious differences, the difference in language, the different interpretation of symbols and signs, different cultural beliefs and attitudes. Individuals from different languages are not able to communicate effectively. The above factors negatively impact the process of communication not only in New Zealand but in all countries across the globe, and therefore, effective strategies should be implemented to overcome them. References Okon, J. J. (2011). Role of Non Verbal Communication in Education. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2(5). Onea, A. A. (2012). Levels of culture and barriers in organizational communication. The USV annals of economics and public administration, 2(16), 123-128. O'Rourke, IV, J. S. (2010). Management Communication. (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle, River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Pathan, A. K. (2013). Major Linguistic barriers of Oral Communication in English as Perceived by the Tertiary level ESL Students. ISSN 1930-2940, 13(3). Pauley, J. A. (2010). Communication: The key to effective leadership. Milwaukee, WI: ASQ Quality Press Reilly, R. (2010). The Closing of the Muslim Mind: How Intellectual Suicide Created theModern Islamist: Wilmington, DE: Intercollegiate Studies Institute. Reynolds, S., Valentine, D. (2011). Guide to Cross-Cultural Communication. (2nd Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall publishing. Said, E. W. (2001). Orientalism. New Delhi: Penguin Books. Srivastava, V., Nandan, T. (2010). A study of perceptions in society regarding unethical practices in advertising. South Asian Journal of Management, 17(1), pp. 59-67. Turner, J. W. Reinsch, N. L. (2007). The business communicator as presence allocator: multi-communicating, equivocality and status at work. Journal of business communication, 44(36), 36-58. Weiss, B. (2011). How to understand language: A philosophical inquiry. Montreal, QUE: McGill University Press. Wilton, N. (2011). An Introduction to Human Resource Management. Great Britain: TJ International Limited. Yoo, B., Donthu, N., Lenartowicz, T. (2011). Measuring Hofstedes Five Dimension of Cultural Values at the individual level: Development and Validation of CVSCALE. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23(3), 193-210.

Iron sharpens iron, and one man sharpens another Essays

"Iron sharpens iron, and one man sharpens another" Proverbs 27:17 (ESV) This verse speaks so much to my life because of experiences I have been through with friendships. What I have learned about friendships is that they can either build or break you. You need good friends, and you need to be a good friend. Iron can sharpen iron, and a good friend can sharpen a friend. The iron of a file can make a blade sharper, and a good friend can make his friend better. A knife is not sharpened by cloth, bread, wood, plastic, or even gold. A knife may cut and shape these things for them to be more useful, but these things will only dull the knife. Sharpening a knife requires iron or a substitute for iron at least as hard as the knife. Once sharpened, a knife is much more productive with less effort on such things. This proverb is about good friends - they will make you better. A good friend will make you brighter, sharper, and more useful. But not any friend will do, only wise friends make you wiser. Foolish and bad friends will darken and corrupt your life. I believe this verse is very important for us as college students because we are building our future and if we surround ourselves with bad influences we will also be influenced by bad habits. My pastor back at home use to say "show me who you hang around with and I will tell you who you are."

College Sample Essay Questions For Entrance Examination

College Sample Essay Questions For Entrance ExaminationCollege sample essay questions for entrance examination are an important and effective method to prepare for the entrance exam. There are many students who have trouble with essay writing skills. In this case, writing an essay is an integral part of their application. It helps them communicate their ideas and thoughts.College sample essay questions for entrance examination are a great way to test your knowledge of the subjects on the entrance exam. These are the factors that matter to colleges. The grade reflects on how well you can write. This is one reason why colleges want to see how well you write. Asking question for entry to determine how well you can write in terms of college sample essay questions for entrance examination will not be an easy task.Choosing a topic is the first step in essay writing for the entrance exam. If your subject is psychology or philosophy, you can go with other humanities and social sciences subje cts. If you like to be adventurous, there are arts subjects such as art history, theater, and music that would be good for you. The main point is that you choose a topic that you think you would like to write about if you went to college.When you are choosing a topic for the college entrance exam, there are many ways to do it. You can go online to find topics, read sample essays or books on these topics and study them. Doing so will give you a feel for what is important in writing an essay. This will help you figure out what kinds of topics interest you. You can then think of questions for the exam and then write out the solution.Another thing that you need to take into consideration when choosing a topic for your college entrance exam is the length of the essay. Collegeslook at the length of the essay, because there are some essay topics that can last for several pages. This means that it might be hard to fit in the required number of sentences. You should make sure that you are ab le to incorporate a lot of information into your essay and be able to make a compelling argument in it. Making the required number of sentences and being able to make a compelling argument is a factor that college test writers look at before they choose the topic of your essay.It is best to find a topic that is related to your major so that you can avoid boring essays. It is also best to stick to one topic so that you can develop a stronger understanding of the topics that are being studied. Some of the topics that you may not be familiar with may still be necessary topics for the college entrance exam. Even if you are not familiar with them, you can ask someone who is to give you the best information possible. A person who knows what they are talking about is always the best.Another way to find the right topic for your college entrance exam is to be creative and take your own ideas. You can get ideas from others in your classes. Your instructor is always happy to help you with rese arch or problems.College entrance exam questions for essay writing should be your main concern when writing your essay. It is important to remember that essay writing is the main objective of your application. Having an idea of what the admission requirements of the college you are applying to are will help you in your selection of a topic for your essay.

Prueba de ADN para la tarjeta de residencia permanente

Prueba de ADN para la tarjeta de residencia permanente Durante los trmites para obtener la tarjeta de residencia por peticià ³n de un familiar es posible que se exija  una prueba de ADN para probar que efectivamente existe un và ­nculo de sangre entre la persona que pide los papeles y el potencial migrante para el que se solicitan. Tanto los ciudadanos americanos como los residentes permanentes legales pueden solicitar tarjeta de residencia, tambià ©n conocida por green card, para diferentes familiares pero el gobierno quiere estar seguro de que esa relacià ³n es verdadera. Por ello es importante conocer por quà © se puede pedir un test de ADN, si es necesario o voluntario o, en este à ºltimo caso, si es recomendable tomarlo y, finalmente, cà ³mo es la tramitacià ³n de todo el proceso.  ¿Por quà © se puede pedir una prueba de ADN en las peticiones de familia? Las pruebas de ADN sirven para probar genà ©ticamente la relacià ³n biolà ³gica entre dos personas en la tramitacià ³n de las visas de familia.   Por ejemplo, que entre solicitante y pedido hay efectivamente una relacià ³n de padre e hijo, madre e hijo, hermanos o hermanastros, etc. Para probar esta relacià ³n es siempre necesario contar con ejemplos biolà ³gicos de las dos personas cuya relacià ³n familiar se trata de establecer. Generalmente basta con pasar un bastoncillo por el interior de la boca.  ¿Es obligatoria la prueba de ADN en todas las peticiones por familia biolà ³gica? No, y de hecho son la excepcià ³n. Generalmente se prueba la relacià ³n entre solicitante y pedido ms all de toda duda, mediante documentos, como por ejemplo, el certificado o acta de nacimiento. Como son pruebas caras y que lleva tiempo practicarlas sà ³lo se solicitan estas pruebas cuando no existen otros medios para demostrar la relacià ³n entre dos personas, como pueden ser documentos o fotografà ­as, o por la razà ³n que sea se sospecha de que el và ­nculo biolà ³gico puede no ser real.   Es tambià ©n ms comà ºn que este tipo de prueba se solicite cuando la tarjeta de residencia se tramita mediante un procedimiento consular que cuando se gestiona todo el proceso dentro de los Estados Unidos mediante un ajuste de estatus. Lo cierto es que es ms importante prestar atencià ³n a otros posibles problemas que pueden surgir en el proceso, como asegurarse de que se cumplen con los requisitos econà ³micos para patrocinar, que se va a pasar el examen mà ©dico al que sà ­ deben de someterse todos los candidatos a migrantes y, finalmente, que no afecta ninguna de las circunstancias que provocan que la tarjeta de residencia sea denegada.   Trmites para la prueba de ADN para la green card cuando se pide Cuando el oficial consular o cualquier funcionario migratorio  solicita una prueba de ADN, el beneficiario de la tarjeta de residencia, si à ©sta se llega a conceder, decide voluntariamente si se somete o no a la prueba. De realizarla, debe cancelar el costo à ©l mismo o el solicitante de la tarjeta (su padre, madre, hijo, hija, hermano o hermanastro) el importe por la prueba, que deber ser abonada al laboratorio antes de realizarse. Solamente pueden realizarse las pruebas de ADN en uno de los laboratorios acreditados por la Asociacià ³n americana de bancos de sangre (AABB, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Es importantà ­simo verificar que el laboratorio que va a hacer el anlisis est incluido en esa lista. Si no lo est, la Embajada o el consulado americano no admitirn las pruebas y se habr gastado el dinero en vano. Adems, hay que tener en cuenta que hay mucho fraude en este rubro y muchos laboratorios aseguran estar autorizados para realizar estas pruebas para las oficinas consulares americanas y no lo estn. Asà ­ que es muy recomendable tomar el tiempo necesario para checar la lista y una vez que se tenga buscar el laboratorio ms conveniente por su localizacià ³n. El laboratorio enviar el kit directamente a la oficina consular. Jams al solicitante o al beneficiario de la peticià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia. La prueba se har en la propia oficina consular previo pago del arancel correspondiente por los servicios del mà ©dico que har que tomar la muestra. El dà ­a de la cita para este asunto, el beneficiario de la peticià ³n de la visa de inmigrante debe presentarse a la hora fijada con su pasaporte, una foto y el recibo de haber pagado por los servicios mà ©dicos. Una vez que se ha tomado la prueba de ADN, el propio consulado enviar el kit directamente al laboratorio en los Estados Unidos. Y cuando à ©ste obtenga los resultados, se notificarn directamente a la oficina consular. Y una vez que los tenga decidir cancelar el proceso de tramitacià ³n del permiso de residencia o seguir con el mismo. El beneficiario, si asà ­ lo desea, puede solicitar directamente al laboratorio una copia de los resultados. La oficina consular americana nunca otorgar tal copia. A tener en cuenta para tener à ©xito en la peticià ³n de la green card por familia Que la prueba de ADN demuestre que es verdad que el solicitante y el beneficiario son familiares no significa que la peticià ³n de la residencia permanente vaya a ser aprobada. Simplemente quiere decir  que ese requisito ha sido satisfecho. Las peticiones de tarjetas de residencia pueden ser rechazadas por diversas causas. En la mayorà ­a de los casos, si eso sucede asà ­, ser posible pedir un perdà ³n, tambià ©n conocido como  waiver o permiso. Que puede ser o no concedido. Es muy importante en estos casos contar con el asesoramiento de un abogado migratorio con excelente reputacià ³n y con experiencia en este tipo de casos. Tambià ©n es importante, antes de iniciar los trmites, tener una idea aproximada de cunto van a tardar los papeles, ya que en muchos casos la demora es mucho ms grande de lo que se cree. Finalmente, se recomienda tomar este quiz - trivia  o test- para verificar que se tiene los conocimientos bsicos para obtener y conservar la tarjeta de residencia. Es difà ­cil conseguirla. No es conveniente arriesgarse a una denegacià ³n o una cancelacià ³n por falta de informacià ³n. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Analysing data production

Analysing data production The process of research is not only about learning and discovering, but also about sharing these discoveries with others, so that society as a whole can benefit from the efforts put in by the individual. When it comes to complex academic concepts, the choice of words for how a concept is described can make a difference to how well it is understood by others , especially when moving between research domains.    Hence we make such use of metaphors and analogies when it comes to describing complex concepts. Tying a concept (for example, quantum superposition) to a real world â€Å"thing† (for example, a cat in a box ) allows people unfamiliar with the original concept to connect it with something they have experience of, and provides a foundation which can be elaborated on. If, upon further examination, it is found that the analogy gets stretched beyond all reason, then that is acceptable, as long as those using it don’t simply rely on it as an article of blind faith. Analogies and metaphors require critical thinking. Scientific concepts are formulated in human language, and as such, are intended to be processed by the human brain (even if that brain needs to be highly trained before it can properly grasp the concepts being described). Scientific data, on the other hand, is designed to be machine consumable (as well as predominantly machine produced). Measurements are often not useful without the context surrounding them. It is one thing to know that a particular river level rose by 10cm. It is only by knowing where this happened, how high the river was to begin with, and how high the rise would have to be at that location to flood the houses built there, that we are able to put the data into context, and make it useful. Yet we still need that data. If a homeowner who got flooded wished to claim on their insurance for flood repairs, having that data and context available means they’d have proof that it was river flooding that caused the damage, rather than a burst pipe. We also need to have the research data which underpins key research findings available and understandable, both for reproducibility and to prevent fraud/misuse. Making data usable by others takes effort and time and is often unrewarded by the current system for gaining academic credit. Metaphors and Analogies â€Å"No one metaphor satisfies enough key data system attributes and that multiple metaphors need to co-exist in support of a healthy data ecosystem†(Parsons Fox, 2013) Data publication as a metaphor has been addressed extensively in (Parsons Fox, 2013), leading to the quote above. But before we dive into examples of metaphor and analogy in the data domain, it is helpful to review what they mean. From (Gentner Jeziorski, 1993): ‘Analogy can he viewed as a kind of highly selective similarity. In processing analogy, people implicitly focus on certain kinds of commonalities and ignore others. Imagine a bright student reading the analogy â€Å"a cell is like a factory.† She is unlikely to decide that cells are buildings made of brick and steel. Instead she might guess that, like a factory, a cell takes in resources to keep itself operating and to generate its products. This focus on common relational abstractions is what makes analogy illuminating.’ (Gentner Jeziorski, 1993) p448 This action of focussing on some commonalities and ignoring others is crucial when using analogies to illustrate scientific concepts. We can produce an analogy that â€Å"a dataset is like a book†. Commonalities include that both contain information, in a structured and formatted way, which is consumable by a user, and both are the product of sustained effort, potentially from a wide range of actors. The differences between them make it just as easy to say â€Å"a dataset is not like a book†, in that a dataset can be constantly changing; may not be a physical, but a virtual object; mostly isn’t designed for humans to read unassisted ; and often a dataset isn’t a self-contained unit (as it requires extra information and metadata to make it understandable and usable). Obviously, it is possible to push analogies too far, and have them break. This is more likely to happen when users of the analogy don’t have a good understanding of each of the two things being compared. In the (Gentner Jeziorski, 1993) quote above, if the student didn’t have any other concept of what a cell was, she could easily imagine that they were tiny buildings made of bricks and steel, and the analogy used would do nothing to correct that misapprehension. It’s also important to remember that analogy is not causation – if two phenomena are analogous, it does not imply that one causes the other. Types of metaphor and real world scientific examples: Data Publication Data publication, as a metaphor, came about as a result of the drive for researchers to publish as many works as possible in as many high impact journals as possible, and the need for those involved in creating datasets to be given recognition for their work, and their efforts to make the data findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. This resulted in pressure to squeeze all research outputs into shapes that resemble publications, hence the proliferation of the data journal, a place where researchers can publish a paper about their dataset, linked via permanent identifier to the dataset itself (stored in a trustworthy repository). The data paper then can be cited and used as a proxy for the dataset when reporting the importance and impact of the researcher’s work. A real-world example of a dataset that has been published in a data journal is the Global Broadcast Service (GBS) datasets (Callaghan et al., 2013), measurements from a radio propagation dataset investigating how rain and clouds impact signal levels from a geosynchronous satellite beacon at radio frequencies of 20.7 GHz. The data streams linked to the paper, and which the paper describes in detail, are the result of a definite, discrete experiment, resulting in a well-defined, discrete and fully completed dataset, which will not change in the future. The dataset has been through two levels of quality assurance: the first was performed on ingestion into CEDA , where the file formats were standardised and metadata was checked and completed. The second level of quality assurance was performed as part of the scientific peer review process carried out when the data paper and dataset were submitted to the Geoscience Data Journal for review and publication. As this dataset is complete, well-documented and quality assured, it can be considered to be a first-class, reference-able, scientific artefact. There are other peer-reviewed journal articles which use the GBS data as the basis for their results, see for example (Callaghan et al., 2008) . However, datasets can be discrete, complete, well-defined and permanently available without the need for the proxy of a data paper, or any other publication attached to them. This is of particular value when it comes to publishing negative results, or data that don’t support the hypothesis they were collected to verify, but may be useful for testing other hypotheses. These types of datasets are possibly the closest thing we have to the â€Å"dataset as a book† analogy, and therefore are the easiest to fit into the data publication mould. Unfortunately, many other datasets do not fit in with this shape. Many datasets are dynamic, and are modified or added to as time progresses. Then there are issues with granularity – some researchers may only need a subset of a larger dataset for their work, but need to accurately and permanently identify that subset. Citing at the level of every one of the subsets results in reference lists that are long and unwieldy, and can make it difficult to find the subset required in a long list of very similarly named datasets. For text based items, such as books and articles, tools exist to compare text from one instance of an article to another, allowing the reader to be sure that the contents of two instances are the same, regardless of the format they are in (for example, an article in hard copy in a journal as compared with a pdf). We currently do not have a way of evaluating the scientific equivalence of datasets regardless of their format. The ease with which it’s possible to modify datasets (and not track the changes made) also means that it can be very hard to tell which dataset is the canonical, original version, or even what the differences are. Data publication can work very well as a metaphor, but users must be aware that it really is only applicable to the subset of datasets which can be made complete, well-documented, well-defined, discrete and quality controlled. Big Iron (industrialised data production) Big Iron, as defined in (Parsons Fox, 2013) typically deals with massive volumes of data that are relatively homogenous and well defined but highly dynamic and with high throughput. It is an industrialised process, relying on large, sophisticated, well-controlled, technical infrastructures, often requiring supercomputing centres, dedicated networks, substantial budgets, and specialized interfaces. An example of this is the data from the Large Hadron Collider, CERN, but in the Earth Sciences, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIP) are another. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) regularly issues Assessment Reports, detailing the current state of the art of climate models, and their predictions for future climate change. These reports are supported by the data from the climate model runs performed as part of CMIP. Each CMIP is an international collaboration, where climate modelling centres around the world run the same experiments on their different climate models, collect and document the data in standard ways and make it all available for the wider community to use, via custom built web portals. CMIP5, the most recent complete CMIP, resulted in datasets totalling over 2 PB of data. As this data is the foundation for the IPCC assessment and recommendations, it is vital that the data is stored and archived properly . Dealing with these data volumes requires not only custom built infrastructure, but also standards for file and metadata formats (e.g. NetCDF, CF Conventions, CMOR, etc.). Collecting the metadata describing the experiments that were run to create the datasets alone took several weeks’ worth of effort, and several years of effort to design and build the CMIP5 questionnaire which collected the metadata (Guilyardi et al, 2013). The industrialised production of data is likely to increase over the next years, given the increased ability of researchers to create and manage big data. The opposite of this analogy is also valid in many cases, as described in the next section. Artist’s studio (small scale data production, unique and non-standard output) Similar to Big Iron, this analogy focusses on the method of production of a dataset, rather than the dataset itself. The artist studio analogy covers the long tail of data produced by small groups or even single researchers, working in relative isolation. Artist studios generally produce one-of-a-kind pieces, which may have standard shapes and forms (e.g. oil paintings) but may equally come in non-standard shapes, sizes and materials (e.g. sculptures, video and audio installations, performance art etc.) The aim is to produce something of use/interest to a consumer, even if they are part of a limited domain. Similarly, it’s often not easy, or even possible to share the outputs of the studio (it is possible to make copies/prints of paintings, and smaller models of sculptures, but other objects of art, like Damien Hirst’s famous shark in formaldehyde (Hirst, 1991) are nearly impossible to reproduce ). Datasets produced by small research groups follow this analogy. The emphasis is on the production of the finished product, sometimes with the supporting documentation and metadata being neglected, due to lack of time, effort and potentially interest on the part of the creator. If the dataset is only aimed at a small user group, then the metadata is provided as jargon, or users are simply assumed to have a sufficient level of background knowledge. Sharing the data is often not considered, as for the researchers, holding the only copy of the data makes it more valuable, and therefore more likely that they’ll receive extra funding. An example â€Å"artist studio† is the Chilbolton Facility for Atmospheric and Radio Research (CFARR) . It is a small facility, located in Hampshire, UK, with approximately 6 permanent staff, who collectively build, maintain and run a selection of meteorological and radio research instruments. In recent years, the focus of the facility has been on collaborations with other research groups in universities and other research centres. Previously the facility had been more focussed on radio research, and as such had developed its own data format for the instruments it built, rather than tying in with existing community standards. Similarly, the data was stored on a variety of servers, with a bespoke tape backup system. When CFARR’s funding structure changed, pressure was put on the staff to archive all new data and the majority of existing data in CEDA. This made it easier for the facility staff, in that they no longer needed to maintain servers or the backup system, but it made things harder in that effort was needed to convert the data files to netCDF, and to collect and agree on the metadata that should accompany them. The culture change to move from the artist studio model to a more standardised and collaborative model took effort and time, and should not be underestimated. Science Support Science support is what CEDA do on an operational, everyday basis. Even though we’re not directly (or physically) embedded in a research organisation , we interact with researchers and research centres on a regular basis to ensure that the processes for data ingestion are carried out smoothly and efficiently. For data centres embedded in a research centre, data management can be seen as a component of the broader â€Å"science support† infrastructure of the lab or the project, equivalent to facilities management, field logistics, administrative support, systems administration, equipment development, etc. In our case, CEDA concentrates on data management, and providing services to make it and use of data easier for the researcher. Different data centres will have different ways of providing science support to their core user base. For example, an institutional data repository, responsible for all the data being produced by, for example, a university, will have datasets which are non-standardised and are usually geared towards a specific set of intended uses and local reuse in conjunction with other local data. In terms of the â€Å"artist studio† analogy, an institutional repository is like an art gallery or museum, where different datasets will have different data management requirements. By contrast CEDA, which has multiple PB of data in the archives, must standardise in terms of file formats, metadata models etc., hence moving towards a more â€Å"Big Iron† metaphor. In common with institutional repositories, CEDA also focusses on managing data (and sometimes merging datasets to create more useful resources) in order to meet the needs of our user community, which is international in scope and covers a wide range of users, from schoolchildren, to policy makers, to field researchers and theoreticians. Map Making Map making as a metaphor refers to the final representation of the data, and the process of putting the data into a context, primarily geographical. Maps also help to define the boundaries of what is known, and what isn’t. Though data presented in this way tend to be fixed in time, maps are useful for showing dynamical datasets, or time slices through complex multidimensional processes, e.g. the four dimensional structures of clouds/rain changing in time. The results of map making, the maps themselves, are datasets in their own right, and so need to be treated in the same way as other datasets with regard to preservation, metadata etc. The act of plotting some parameter on a geographical map results in a well-standardised structure for intercomparison and visualisation. Linked Data The â€Å"data† in Linked Data are defined extremely broadly and are envisioned as small, independent things with specific names (URIs) interconnected through defined semantic relationships (predicates) using model and language standards (e.g. the Resource Description Framework, RDF). It has a major emphasis on Open Data, as linked data focuses on enabling the interoperability of data and capitalising on the interconnected nature of the Internet. Linked data isn’t commonly used for dealing with scientific data, but instead, is predominantly used in our metadata, where we have complete focus on preservation, curation and quality, unlike other linked datasets available elsewhere. Using linked data for metadata structures does require standardisation and agreement on the formal semantics and ontologies. Linked data is very flexible, and lends itself well to distributed and interdisciplinary connections, provided the formal semantics can be agreed to be applicable across multiple domains. Linked data as a concept unfortunately hasn’t fully permeated the research environment as yet – many scientific researchers don’t understand the semantics (and have little interest in them). Linked data is often used as a support structure for Big Iron. The Cloud: â€Å"x as a service† There is an argument that the mechanisms for data publication should be invisible, and data should be accessible and understandable without any prior knowledge. Cloud services such as Dropbox allow users to store their data, and access them from any web browser, or mobile app, provided they have an internet connection. â€Å"Data as a service† ties in with â€Å"software as a service†, in that the users only take the data they need at any given moment, and in some cases may not even download it, instead using dedicated computing resources elsewhere to perform the manipulations needed on the data. An example of this is JASMIN , a system that provides petascale storage and cloud computing for big data challenges in environmental science. JASMIN provides flexible data access to users, allowing them to collaborate in self-managing group workspaces. JASMIN brings compute and data together to enable models and algorithms to be evaluated alongside curated archive data, and for data to be shared and evaluated before being deposited in the permanent archive. Data, in this context, aren’t the fixed and complete products described in other analogies, but instead are more fluid and dynamic. Still, once the datasets are deposited in the permanent archive, they become fixed products, and are citeable and publishable. Providing significant resources for data manipulation is undoubtedly useful, but the focus with this system is on the service, not necessarily on the data. The data however, is the backbone of the system – there is no point having the service without the data and the users who want to analyse it. Conclusions It goes without saying that all analogies are wrong, but some are useful, and hence should come with a health warning – especially when following an analogy to the furthest reaches of its logic can result in sheer absurdity . When dealing with data, just like in life, there is no all-encompassing metaphor for what we do. Instead, metaphors and analogies should be used in ways to illuminate and clarify, but we should always remember that metaphors are useful tools for thinking about things, but can also limit how we think about things. (Ball, 2011). Pushing an analogy so far that it breaks can be a useful process, in that it helps determine the limits of understanding, especially as part of an ongoing conversation. Finally, for this essay, the author would like to leave the reader with some very appropriate words from (Polya, 1954, page 15): â€Å"And remember, do not neglect vague analogies. But if you wish them respectable, try to clarify them.†